updated on 20090522 by Yiu Vor

對象 Target users
本網站的學習材料主要為香港新高中學制下修讀中四至中六生物科的學生而編寫，在過渡期間修讀舊學制生物科的學生亦可使用此網站的學習材料。
The learning material is primarily prepared for biology students studying secondary 4 to secondary 6 under the Hong Kong New Senior Secondary curriculum. Students currently studying secondary 4 or secondary 5 under the old curriculum may also use it.


背景 Background
生物科郊野研習為學生提供鞏固知識和實踐科學方法的機會。傳統的生物科郊野研習課程比較導向性，學生會被詳細告知考察做什麼和如何進行。

《新高中生物科課程及評核指引(中四至中六)》提出的課程重點 (2.3.1)，首項就是科學探究。為求與新課程理念銜接，我們推出這全新的郊野研習課程模式。

The purpose of field studies in biology is providing students opportunities to consolidate knowledge and to practise scientific skills. The traditional biology field study course is comparatively more directional. Students are told what to do and how to do, in every details.

Top of the three curriculum emphases of The "New Senior Secondary Curriculum and Assessment Guide (Secondary 4-6) Biology" (2.3.1), is Scientific Inquiry. To get in line with the new curriculum emphases, we put forward this completely new approach of biology field studies.


理念 Rationale
科學探究活動包括觀察現象、提出問題、 擬訂假說、設計方法、進行實驗和詮釋結果。學生不但要從中驗證事物，還須掌握科學探究的過程，包括問題是如何澄清、實驗是如何設計、數據是如何記錄和詮釋，以及找到的結果是如何表達才能令人明白了解。在過 程中，發展學生的科學過程技能與找出正確答案同樣重要。除了掌握事實和操作技巧外，學生還須學習成為具批判性的學習者。

Scientific investigations involve observing phenomena, defining problems, formulating hypotheses, designing and conducting investigations, and interpreting results. These kinds of activity are not just for verification purposes; they also allow students to understand the process of science, including how to clarify questions, how to design an experiment, how to record and interpret data, and how to communicate the knowledge generated. It should be noted that developing science process skills is as important as finding correct answers. Students are expected to master much more than facts and manipulative skills. They must learn to be critical thinkers.

探究模式郊野研習與導向模式郊野研習的比較
Comparison of Investigatory field study and instructional field study









新高中生物科課程下的課時安排 Time allocation in connection with the NSS biology curriculum

新高中生物科課程總授課時數為有270小時，與郊野研習關係較緊密的部份 - 「生物與環境」佔86小時，而郊野研習是其中一項「建議的學與教活動」。

270小時當中，有20小時被分配用作科學探究活動，課程提出：「教師可自行決定此二十小時課時的運用，以便靈活安排個別或小組的相關探究活動」。

A total of 270 hours is allocated to cover the NSS Biology curriculum, of which 86 hours is allocated for the topic more related to field studies - Organisms and Environment. Field study is one of the recommended learning activities

Of the 270 hours, 20 hours is allocated for scientific investigations. The curriculum Guide suggests to use the 20 hours time flexibly to provide opportunity for students to design and conduct individual or group investigative project(s).


課程特色 Course highlights

- 網上學習材料，學生可按個人情況，更有彈性去使用。

- 按步說明，帶領學生走過科學探究的每一步。

- 在Google Maps 展示考察地點細節，學生有如在電腦進行事前考察。

- 包含各式「建議研究範疇」及附有圖解的舉例，以協助學生制定自己的研究題目。

- 圖解說明關於觀察、數據記錄、處理資料的正確基礎認識。

- 以短片示範如果考察技巧

- Web-based learning material gives students more flexibility to use it according to individual need.

- Step by step guidelines to assist students to go through the procedures of scientific investigation.

- Detailed field site information and photos presented on Google Maps, students virtually go to pre-trip on the computer.

- With various suggested areas of investigation and illustrated examples to assist students to formulated their own topic of investigation.

- Detailed information with illustration to equip students with basic knowledge and correct concepts on observation, data recording and dealing with data.

- Movies to demonstrate field study skills


課程目的 Course objectives

促使學生能夠

- 仔細觀察並提出適當的疑問、辨識問題關鍵所在及擬訂假設以作探究；

- 計畫和進行科學探究，並撰寫報告；

- 運用科學思維及具創造性

- 運用科學語言與他人有效地交流意見和觀點。

to enable students to :
- make careful observations, ask relevant questions, identify problems and formulate hypotheses for investigation;

- plan, conduct and write reports on scientific investigations;

- think scientifically and creatively;

- communicate ideas and views effectively with others, using the language of science.


課程內容與程序 Course components and procedure

1. 預備 : 先選擇考察地點，現時共有3個考察地點 - 大埔滘自然護理區，大埔汀角海岸，大帽山川龍；5個考察範例 - 附生植物、斜坡生境、海岸植物、海岸甲殼動物、溪流生境。欲到汀角海岸進行考察，參加者應事先參考香港天文台網站的潮汐預報資料，考察其間 (早上10:30至中午12:20)的潮汐不能高於1.2米。每小組應由4-7名學生組成。

2. 建立考察題目 : 學生應先參考本網站有關考察地點的詳細資料與及建議考察範疇。學生並不必要跟隨該等建議，但必須確實自行選定的研究範疇所涉及的研究對象能在考察地點找到，並且有研究所需的足夠數量。

3. 草擬考察計劃 : 學生可在書本或互聯網上找尋和閱讀相關資料，然後製定研究項目細節，包括方法、儀器、資料記錄表等。參與的老師和學生必須顧及考察的安全。

4.匯報考察計劃 : 每組學生向其他參與活動的同學和老師匯報考察計劃；同學和老師可即時提出意見。

5.領取儀器 : 學生可選用所屬學校的考察儀器並自行帶備，亦可向可觀中心借用，但必須預先填妥借用表格，並於考察前3天或更早之前，透過電郵( )或傳真(24936612)遞交。

6.野外考察: 學生有1小時45分鐘在考察地點工作。

7.數據分析 : 學生整理和分析考察時收集得到的數據。

8.匯報調查結果 : 學生匯報初步調查結果。

9.撰寫報告 : 學生撰寫後向所屬學校提交詳細考察報告，以作評核之用，同時向可觀中心提交一份副本(電子檔案)，此報告會放在本網站，讓其他學生參考。按此連結展示一些優秀考察報告。

步驟 1, 2, 3, 9 在學生所屬學校進行，步驟 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 在可觀中心進行。

1. Preparation : Choose field site and course model. Currently, we have 3 field sites - Tai Po Kau Nature Reserve, Ting Kok Coast and Chuen Lung on Tai Mo Shan, and 5 models - Epiphytes, Slope habitats, Coastal plants, Coastal crustaceans and Freshwater stream habitat. Participants should check the predicted tide on the web site of Hong Kong Observatory before choosing Ting Kok Coast as the field site (the tide should be 1.2m or below during the field study period on 10:30 am to 12:20 pm). Students are recommended to form groups of 4-7 students each.

2. Formulation of investigation topic : Students should check our web site about the place of field investigation and go through the " possible areas of investigation" section. Students need not follow our suggested topics or even the model of investigation. However, students should make sure that the objects of their planned investigation exist in the field site or the quantity is enough for their investigation purpose.

3. Drafting an investigation plan : Students search and study relevant information from books, articles and material on the web, work out details of the investigation, including methods, equipment required and data recording sheets. Participating students and teachers should have enough awareness of the safety precautions of field studies.

4. Presentation investigation plan : Each groups present their plan to other participating students and teachers. Teachers and students can give comments and recommendations.

5. Collecting equipment : Students may bring along equipment form their own schools, or borrow equipments from Ho Koon. If equipment is to be borrowed from Ho Koon, please fill in the borrowing form and fax (24936612) or email
( )to Ho Koon not less than 3 days before the field investigation.

6. Field investigation : 1hour 45 minutes is allowed to stay in the field site.

7. Data analysis : Students organize and analyze the data collected from field.

8. Presentation of findings : Students present their preliminary findings.

9. Report writing : A detailed report is written and submitted to school teacher for assessment. Student are also required to submit a copy to Ho Koon (in digital format). The report would be placed in the digital library for other students as reference. Here is a link to some outstanding field study reports.

Procedure 1, 2, 3, 9 are done in students own school. Procedure 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 are done in Ho Koon.


程序與時間分配 Run down and time allocation




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